If you are interested in Asian fashion, taking a look at China’s recent (and also past) fashion trends should be worthwhile. China has long been known for its traditional garments, such as the cheongsam and hanfu, its modern fashion scene is now an interesting fusion of old and new. Certainly, cities like Shanghai, Beijing, Shenzhen etc. are filled not only with people from all over the world but also from all around China – of course, every person’s style is different. But there are some trends and “basic styles” we will be look at. What must be said is that especially these rather cosmopolitan regions are very open-minded, you will not be harassed for the way you dress, and there may even be some Chinese women wearing hanfu clothing – though this was an ancient garment. If you learn Mandarin, you may have already got to talk to some Chinese people about their opinion on “dressing in China”. Or, if you already hold a Tourist or China Student Visa and are about to travel there, you will be able to see for yourself and get an own impression.
A Quick History of Chinese Fashion
Historically, Chinese fashion did play a role within the country’s dynasties. Each era saw some distinct styles influenced by factors such as politics and status.
- Han Dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE): During this period, clothing was simple and functional, often made from silk. The hanfu, a flowing robe-like garment, became a symbol of Chinese culture and remains iconic even in modern fashion.
- Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE): Known as a golden age of Chinese culture, the Tang Dynasty’s fashion reflected luxury and openness to foreign influences. Women wore high-waisted skirts and flowing robes, while men adopted more intricate designs.
- Qing Dynasty (1644–1912): Under Manchu rule, the famous cheongsam or qipao emerged. Originally a loose-fitting gown, it was later transformed into a more form-fitting dress in the 20th century, becoming one of the most recognizable symbols of Chinese fashion.
As China transitioned into the modern era in the early 20th century, Western influence began to permeate its fashion. The qipao became more tailored, and Western suits gained popularity among Chinese men. However, the mid-20th century also brought the Communist Revolution and the Mao suit (or Zhongshan suit), a utilitarian uniform that symbolized unity and socialism, with little room for individual expression.
The Modern Era
In the late 20th century, particularly after the economic reforms of the 1980s, China saw a rapid transformation in its fashion industry. The opening up of China to the global market allowed Western styles to flood the scene, with brands like Louis Vuitton, Chanel, and Gucci gaining a foothold. At the same time, a new generation of Chinese designers began blending traditional elements with modern aesthetics, creating a uniquely Chinese take on global fashion trends. Today, China is not only a consumer of global fashion but a creator of trends that have influenced the industry worldwide. Chinese fashion trends, like “Asian styles”, have become increasingly popular among the Western youth.
Key Factors Shaping Modern Chinese Fashion
- Digital Revolution and Social Media: China is a global leader in e-commerce and social media platforms, such as Weibo, WeChat, and the highly influential short-video app Douyin (TikTok’s Chinese counterpart). These platforms have become integral to the rise of “see now, buy now” culture, where consumers can instantly purchase the looks they admire on influencers or celebrities. Fashion influencers and KOLs (Key Opinion Leaders) have become a driving force behind fashion trends, using live-streaming and social media to create immediate demand for new styles.
- Sustainability and Eco-conscious Fashion: As environmental awareness rises globally, Chinese consumers are also becoming more eco-conscious. Many Chinese designers and brands are now embracing sustainable fashion, using eco-friendly materials and ethical production practices. Brands like Icicle and Bananai are leading the charge by focusing on minimalism and sustainable clothing.
- Streetwear and Youth Culture: In recent years, Chinese streetwear has exploded in popularity, driven largely by the country’s young, fashion-forward population. Influenced by hip-hop culture, sneakers, oversized hoodies, and graphic tees have become staples of urban fashion. Domestic brands like Li-Ning, Anta, and Peacebird are dominating the streetwear scene, often blending Chinese cultural motifs with modern, edgy designs. Shows like The Rap of China have contributed to the mainstreaming of street culture, further cementing its place in modern Chinese fashion.
- Luxury Fashion Boom: China is now one of the largest markets for luxury goods. Global luxury brands such as Louis Vuitton, Prada, and Balenciaga are increasingly tailoring their collections and marketing campaigns to appeal to Chinese consumers. In addition to the growth of international brands, China’s own luxury fashion scene is burgeoning. Designers like Guo Pei have become internationally recognized, with her intricate and opulent designs symbolizing the fusion of Chinese craftsmanship and modern fashion sensibilities.
Current Fashion Trends in China
1. Guochao (国潮): The Rise of Chinese Heritage
One of the most influential trends in Chinese fashion today is Guochao, which translates to “national trend” or “China chic.” This movement celebrates traditional Chinese culture and heritage, reinterpreting it through a modern lens. The Guochao trend sees everything from traditional hanfu (ancient Chinese clothing) to cultural motifs such as dragons, phoenixes, and Chinese calligraphy being incorporated into contemporary fashion.
Brands like Li-Ning and Perfect Diary are at the forefront of this movement, creating collections that resonate with younger consumers who are proud of their Chinese identity. Even international luxury brands are tapping into Guochao by incorporating Chinese elements into their designs.
2. Gender Fluidity in Fashion
Much like the rest of the world, China’s fashion scene is increasingly embracing gender-neutral styles. Many young Chinese consumers are challenging traditional gender norms through fashion, opting for androgynous looks that blend masculine and feminine elements. Loose-fitting clothes, unisex cuts, and muted colors are becoming more common as gender fluidity gains acceptance.
Brands like Bosie, a Chinese unisex fashion label, have gained a strong following among younger consumers who prefer fashion that is not confined to gender binaries.
3. Tech-infused Fashion
As China is a global leader in technology, it’s no surprise that techwear has become a notable fashion trend. Techwear blends functionality with fashion, featuring high-tech fabrics that are water-resistant, durable, and adaptable to different weather conditions. Often associated with futuristic, minimalist aesthetics, techwear is especially popular in urban areas like Shanghai and Beijing.
4. Minimalist Aesthetics
In contrast to the bold statements of streetwear and tech-infused fashion, minimalism is also a significant trend in modern Chinese fashion. Clean lines, neutral palettes, and subtle elegance define this aesthetic. This trend appeals particularly to urban professionals who seek timeless, understated clothing that prioritizes quality over quantity. Brands like COMME MOI and Ms. Min embody this minimalist ethos.
Regional Differences
While major cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou are at the forefront of China’s fashion scene, regional differences in fashion preferences are notable. For example:
- Beijing: The capital is known for its avant-garde fashion scene, with many cutting-edge designers and artists residing here. People in Beijing often favor experimental, bold styles that reflect a mix of history and modernity.
- Shanghai: Known as the fashion capital of China, Shanghai has a cosmopolitan and international flair. Here, you’ll find a mix of high-end luxury fashion and chic, contemporary styles influenced by both Western and Eastern trends.
- Chengdu: While smaller in scale compared to Beijing and Shanghai, Chengdu is rapidly growing as a fashion hub, especially known for its streetwear scene and youth-driven trends.
